-<h2>Asking questions</h2>\r
-<p>Socratic questions are open-ended, probing questions designed to promote critical \r
- evaluation of ideas, as well as encourage the creation of new ideas. Below are \r
- some examples of such questions:</p>\r
-<h3>Questions of Clarification</h3>\r
+<P ALIGN=CENTER><B>Questions</B></P>\r
+\r
+<P>A good way to help other people think about a subject is to \r
+ ask them a question about it. Being asked a good question\r
+ can really help us put information together, evaluate our\r
+ existing ideas and create new ideas.</P>\r
+\r
+<P>Asking questions that are specifically intended to help \r
+ others learn is known as <I>Socratic questioning</I>.</P>\r
+\r
+<P>Such questions require you to listen very carefully\r
+ to the other person to help you judge and phrase your question\r
+ in a helpful, constructive, and hopefully non-confrontational way.\r
+\r
+<P>Here are some examples of Socratic questions:</P>\r
+\r
+<!--Hidden comment: Someday I will include a great example dialogue here -->\r
+\r
+<h3>Questions of clarification</h3>\r
<ul>\r
- <li>What do you mean by ____?</li>\r
+ <li>What do you mean when you say ______?</li>\r
<li>What is your main point?</li>\r
<li>How does _____ relate to _____?</li>\r
<li>Could you put that another way?</li>\r
- <li>Is your basic point _____ or _____?</li>\r
- <li>What do you think is the main issue here?</li>\r
<li>Let me see if I understand you; do you mean _____ or _____?</li>\r
<li>How does this relate to our problem/discussion/issue?</li>\r
- <li>What do you, Mike, mean by this remark? What do you take Mike to mean by \r
- his remark?</li>\r
- <li>Jane, can you summarize in your own words what Richard said? . . . Richard, \r
- is this what you meant?</li>\r
+ <li>Jane, can you summarize in your own words what Richard said? ... Richard, is this what you meant?</li>\r
<li>Could you give me an example?</li>\r
- <li>Would this be an example, . . .?</li>\r
- <li>Could you explain this further?</li>\r
- <li>Would you say more about that?</li>\r
- <li>Why do you say that?</li>\r
+ <li>Would _____ be a good example of that?</li>\r
</ul>\r
<h3>Questions that probe assumptions</h3>\r
<ul>\r
- <li>What are you assuming?</li>\r
+ <li>What are you assuming here?</li>\r
<li>What is Jenny assuming?</li>\r
<li>What could we assume instead?</li>\r
<li>You seem to be assuming _____. Do I understand you correctly?</li>\r
- <li>All of your reasoning depends on the idea that _____. Why have you based \r
- your reasoning on _____ instead of _____?</li>\r
+ <li>All of your reasoning depends on the idea that _____. Why have you based your reasoning on _____ instead of _____?</li>\r
<li>You seem to be assuming _____. How do you justify taking that for granted?</li>\r
- <li>Is that always the case? Why do you think the assumption holds here?</li>\r
+ <li>Is that always the case? Why do you think the assumption holds here?</li>\r
<li>Why would someone make that assumption? </li>\r
</ul>\r
<h3>Questions that probe reasons and evidence</h3>\r
<ul>\r
- <li>What would be an example?</li>\r
- <li>How do you know?</li>\r
- <li>Why do you think that is true?</li>\r
- <li>Do you have any evidence for that?</li>\r
- <li>What difference does that make?</li>\r
- <li>What are your reasons for saying that?</li>\r
- <li>What other information do you need?</li>\r
<li>Could you explain your reasons to us?</li>\r
- <li>Are these reasons adequate?</li>\r
- <li>Why do you say that?</li>\r
- <li>What led you to that belief?</li>\r
<li>How does that apply to this case?</li>\r
- <li>What would change your mind?</li>\r
- <li>But, is that good evidence for that belief?</li>\r
<li>Is there a reason to doubt that evidence?</li>\r
<li>Who is in a position to know that is true?</li>\r
<li>What would you say to someone who said that ____?</li>\r
<li>By what reasoning did you come to that conclusion?</li>\r
<li>How could we find out if that is true? </li>\r
</ul>\r
-<h3>Questions about Viewpoints or Perspectives </h3>\r
+<h3>Questions about viewpoints or perspectives </h3>\r
<ul>\r
- <li>The term "imply" will require clarification when used with younger \r
- students.</li>\r
<li>What are you implying by that?</li>\r
<li>When you say _____, are you implying _____?</li>\r
<li>But, if that happened, what else would happen as a result? Why?</li>\r
<li>If _____ and _____ are the case, then what might also be true?</li>\r
<li>If we say that ____ is ethical, how about _____? </li>\r
</ul>\r
-<h3>Questions that Probe Implications and Consequences </h3>\r
+<h3>Questions that probe implications and consequences </h3>\r
<ul>\r
<li>How can we find out?</li>\r
<li>What does this question assume?</li>\r
<li>Can we break this question down at all?</li>\r
<li>Is this question clear? Do we understand it?</li>\r
<li>Is this question easy or hard to answer? Why?</li>\r
- <li>Does this question ask us to evaluate something? What?</li>\r
<li>Do we all agree that this is the question?</li>\r
<li>To answer this question, what other questions must we answer first?</li>\r
- <li>I'm not sure I understand how you are interpreting this question. Is this \r
- the same as _____?</li>\r
<li>How would _____ state the issue?</li>\r
<li>Why is this issue important?</li>\r
- <li>Is this the most important question, or is there an underlying question \r
- that is really the issue? </li>\r
+ <li>Is this the most important question, or is there an underlying question?</li>\r
+ <li>Can you see how this might relate to ________?</li>\r
</ul>\r
\r
<HR>\r
<FONT SIZE=1><I>Questions adapted from Paul, R. (1993). Critical Thinking: How To Prepare Students for a Rapidly Changing World: Foundation for Critical Thinking, Santa Rosa, CA. </I></FONT>\r
+\r
+<P ALIGN=RIGHT><? helpbutton("writing", get_string("helpwriting"), "moodle", true, true) ?></P>\r
+<P ALIGN=RIGHT><? helpbutton("reading", get_string("helpreading"), "moodle", true, true) ?></P>\r
--- /dev/null
+<P ALIGN=CENTER><B>Writing</B></P>\r
+\r
+<P>When writing text for others to read, try and write directly to your audience.</P>\r
+\r
+<P>Explain your ideas as clearly and simply as you can to help avoid misunderstandings.\r
+ One thing you can do is to avoid long words when a short one will do.</P>\r
+\r
+<P>In the forums it will really help to keep your whole posts short and on-topic. \r
+ Instead of one long rambling post that makes many different points, it may be\r
+ better to write several shorter ones (they may even belong in separate forums).\r
+\r
+<P>Re-edit your text as much as necessary until you get it right. \r
+ Even in forum posts you have <?PHP echo ($CFG->maxeditingtime/60) ?> minutes \r
+ after you've posted it to go back and improve it if necessary.</P>\r
+\r
+<P>When replying to others, try and think of interesting questions you \r
+ can ask them. This will help both you and the other person think (and learn!)\r
+ about the subject you are discussing.</P>\r
+\r
+\r
+<P ALIGN=RIGHT><? helpbutton("questions", get_string("helpquestions"), "moodle", true, true) ?></P>\r
+<P ALIGN=RIGHT><? helpbutton("reading", get_string("helpreading"), "moodle", true, true) ?></P>\r
+<P ALIGN=RIGHT><? helpbutton("ratings", get_string("separateandconnected"), "forum", true, true) ?></P>\r
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